ELECTORINC VOTING SYSTEM USING
MOBILE
VOTING SYSTEM USING MOBILE
(M-VOTING)
ABSTRACT:
As we all know, the current scenario of the polling system and the
way of voting during the election process. Polling disrupted by militants in
J&k.
43,732 polling stations
declared ‘sensitive’…
Seeks security plan from home
ministry
Candidate escapes gunshots in
TN.
Can you imagine an election
without the booth capture, without firing of polling stations, clashes between
parties, voting without long standing queues, without the ferry service to
vote, voter friendly, with an increased voting rate.(NO,
THAT WE ALL KNOW)
So , here we are coming with new ideas and approaches to overcome
such problems .As we all know the public use to face lots of problem during the
election process and also after the election, this all lay down with a major
effect on to the economic and technological growth of our country.
So here we are with new approach to overcome this all problem and
bring our nation a beauty full and peace one .Yes , that day is not far from
here. Here in this , we are going to
simplify the voting process. In this hi-tech era the mobile phones attached
with the iris scanner has to be used to cast the votes. Of course this m-voting
reduces the time, cost, risks. The iris recognition technology will pace our
thoughts with higher degree of authentication. The technology we are about to
implement is about the m-voting…that is mobile voting using biometric. Few
electronics devices and the way of iris signature. We can make the polling
system of election in very great full and peace full manner…
And one day we will see our country a well developed and well
friendly …
INTRODUCTION:
M-voting
is the technique of casting the votes through the cell phones. The iris scanner
will check the person for the validity. The eye patterns will transmit to the
server.
After getting the permission from server , the person
can vote by sending the keys .This m-voting can have access anywhere from the
world with the help of satellite communications.
CURRENT SCENARIO:
Now a days,
Large troops of
military and Para military forces are employed for security purposes. It’s a
drain to our economy. The main stress on EC being the protection of ballot
boxes EVM. On the day of counting, higher security is needed.
TODAY’S VOTING PRACTICE
People have to stand in lengthy queues, in hot sun , some times in rains.
Old age persons have to face more troubles. Remote area peoples have to travel
by boats, horses, bulls and even elephants. These factors reduce the voting
rate.
Hence, the combination of mobile communication and the
biometric techniques paves the way for new generation of voting. Hence, we can
expect “GOOD DEMOCRACY” can flourish in the country.
MISSION IMPOSSIBLE:
The person who
is going to vote has to call to election commission office and then he\she has
to show the eye for a fraction of second. The photographed eye will be
transmitted to the office and it is processed for the validity, authentication.
And they will get a unique code based on (0-9) according to the captured iris .After
getting the permission, the person can vote to the desired candidate.
The figure shows the location of iris in human eye IRIS
The voting process consists of,
√ Enrollment of iris patterns.
√ Iris code scanning of
individuals.
√ Verification for the validity.
√ Permission to vote.
√ Voting.
All these leads to the success of democracy.
ENROLLMENT:
On prior to the
election the public has to enroll their iris pattern with the main server provided
by the election commission. It may be at the district head quarters, municipal
office, etc. This registration can be done once throughout the life. The
database containing the iris pattern along with the personal data will has to
be kept confidential. Here the camera takes a photograph and generates the iris
code. The distance between the camera and the eye can be 4 to 24 inches. This
stage alone needs the human work.
BIOMETRICS:
Biometrics
technologies are defined as automated method of identifying or authenticating
the identity of a person based on physiological or behavioral characteristics.
Physiological characteristics are more stable characteristics such as,
ü Face recognition
ü Finger print recognition
ü Iris recognition
ü DNA recognition
ü Behavioral characteristics
is the reflection of make up
ü Signatures
ü Voices
IRIS SCANNING:
The person who is going to vote has to send the number
provided by EC via text message , with
the help of iris scanner the server system scans the unique code which has been
sent by each individual and verify it for the purpose of validation and
authentication.
A low-level incandescent light illuminates the iris so the video camera
can focus on it, but the light is barely noticeable and used strictly to assist
camera. One of the frames is then digitized then transmitted and stored in a pc
database of enrolled users. The whole procedure takes less than a few seconds,
and can be fully computerized. Scanning is actually performed since the eye is
simply photographed.
ABOUT IRIS:
An iris has a mesh-like
texture to it, with numerous overlays and patterns that can measured by the
computer. The iris recognition software uses about 260 degrees of freedom.
Why Iris recognition?
Glasses
and contact lenses, even colored ones, do not interfere with the process.
In addition, recent medical advances such as refractive surgery; cataract
surgery and cornea transplants do not
change the iris characteristics. In fact, it is impossible to modify the iris
without risking blindness. Moreover, even a blind person can participate. As
long as a sightless eye has an iris, that eye
Can be identified by iris recognition. Even the best fingerprint
technology uses about 60 to 70 degrees of freedom.
IRIS CODE GENERATION:
The picture of an eye is first processed by software
that localizes the inner and outer boundaries of the iris, and the eyelid
contours, in order to extract just the iris portion.
Eyelashes and reflections that may cover parts of the iris are detected and
discounted.
Sophisticated mathematical software then encodes the iris pattern by a
process called Demodulation.
This creates a phase code for the texture sequence in the iris, similar
to a DNA sequence code.
The Demodulation process uses functions called 2-D wavelets that make a
very compact yet complete description of the iris pattern, regardless of its
size and pupil dilation, in just 512 bytes.
The stored file is only 512 bytes
with a resolution of 640*480, allowing for massive storage on a computer’s hard
drive.
The phase
sequence is called an iris code template, and it captures the unique features
of a iris in a robust way that allows easy and very rapid comparisons against
large databases of other templates. The Iris code template is immediately
encrypted to eliminate the possibility of identity theft and to maximize
security.
VERIFICATION:
One to
many comparison
In less than a few seconds,
even on a database of millions of records, the Iris code template generated
from a live image is compared to previously enrolled ones to see if it matches
any of them.
The decision threshold is
automatically adjusted for the size of the search database to ensure that no
false matches occur even when huge numbers of Iris code templates are being
compared with the live one.
Some of the bits in
an Iris code template signify if some data is corrupted
(For example by reflections, or contact lens boundaries), so that it does
not influence the process, and only valid data is compared. Decision thresholds
take account of the amount of visible iris data, and the matching operation
compensates for any tilt of the iris.
PERMISSION:
The server provided at the polling station will verify
the iris code with the database and then it verifies whether they had already
voted. If they are eligible to vote, the server permits them to vote through their cell phone , else request
them to register once for throughout lifetime.
VOTING:
The success of democracy lies here. After getting the
permission from the EC server the person can vote from his mobile.Once the code get
verified ,the server will send the polling screen via message direct to the
mobile.This will make so portable to everyone .Hence the resulting in increase
rate of vote shows the growth in technology and economic of our country. The
prerecorded message will help to select
the candidate with right choice and also give acknowledgement.
BENEFITS:
ü Time saving.
ü Patterns are extremely complex
to make a duplicate.
ü Imitation is not possible
.Pattern cannot be changed with risking the eye.
ü Election mal practices can
be stopped.
ü Enable secured voting any
where from the world.
ü Further,
This can be used for
citizenship rights, border-crossing
permissions, passports, and even for ATM services.
CONCLUSION:
We have presented a newer approach to the voting
process, which will surely brings a change. We can reach the dream day, the
peaceful election in which everyone can participate without any discrimination,
threats, and risks. Dream day is nearer….
REFERENCE:
1. ELECTRONICS FOR YOU
2. www.google.com
