AUTOMATIC HIGHWAY
ANTI-COLLIDING SYSTEM
ABSTRACT:
We are living in an
automobile society, and as far as this field is concerned the accidents are the
main problems that have to be solved. In Chennai alone nearly 1900 fatal road
accidents have taken place in 2005 which nearly claimed 1800 precious lives.
Driver’s assistance
system plays a major role in cars since it minimizes the risk and consequences
of accidents and increases the driving comfort level. Highway anti-colliding
system is intended to provide drivers with brake assistance to avoid front end
collision. On highways, if the principle other vehicle (POV) suddenly stops,
then the host vehicle will collide it resulting in an accident. Due to less
reaction time and loss of presence of mind, driver can’t stop the vehicle
through brake.
The aim of this paper is to stop the vehicle
at such circumstances and this paper gives an outline of whole system and
constructional features of each component and working principle. Adaptations of
the system in the future automobiles have also been considered. 
WORKING PRINCIPLE:
· The principle of
ultrasonic detection is based on measuring the time taken between transmission
of an ultrasonic wave (pressure wave) and reception of its echo (return of
transmitted wave). The distance range is 6-10 m.
· The relay opens or closes
its switch contacts in some prearranged and fixed combination. The contacts may
be in the same circuit or a combination of circuit or in another circuit.
· When a current is passed
through the solenoid the slug is attracted towards the centre of the coil with
a force determined by the current in the coil. The motion of the slug may be
opposed by a spring to produce a displacement output, or the slug may simply
free to move.
· Torque is produced by
interaction between the axial current carrying rotor conductors and the
magnetic flux produced by the permanent magnets. The only way to control its
speed is to vary the armature voltage with the help of an armature rheostat.
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